We analyse the effect of IMF and World Bank policies on the composite index of economic freedom by Gwartney et al. (2000) as well as its sub-indexes, using a panel of 85 countries observed between 1970 and 1997. With respect to the Bank, we find that the number of projects has a positive impact on overall economic freedom, while the effect of the amount of World Bank credits is negative. These ...

Urbanization and industrialization with minimal focus on environmental pollution has resulted in rapid degradation of natural environment. A fresh look at the pollution control strategies is, therefore, necessary. An attempt has been made to address the problem and a new formalism is proposed for ranking of industries based on their water and air pollution potential. Vagueness in the perception...

This paper presents research on influence of information and communication technologies on decentralization of organizational structure. An empirical research was conducted, in which decentralization was described by dominant management style was compared to the level of composite index of ICT adoption. Also, consulting experience in four major Serbian companies was used to further elaborate an...

agricultural sustainability refers to the ability of a cropping system to produce, without causing irreversible damage tothe ecosystem. there is an increasing need to view cropping systems and identify management practices in a holisticindicator-based impact assessment. the main objective of this study was to compare and rank the cropping systems of themarvdasht plain in fars province; in order...

weights to different indices, there are two approaches: the first in which the weights are determined on the basis of some information or considerations exogenous to the data on index variables ( ), X xkj ∈ and the second in which the weights are endogenously determined such that ). (X f w = The most robust composite index is the one that is exogenously determined since in that case w is used a...

This paper examines the possible deterrent effect of actual shareholder litigation on insider trading behavior for both defendant firms and their industry peers. We construct a composite index to capture the strength of a lawsuit as reflected in its merits and the rigorousness of the litigation process. Using a large litigation sample from 1996 to 2009, we find a significant decrease in the int...

Let G 1 + G 2 , G 1 • G 2 and G 1 {G 2 } be the join, corona and cluster of graphs G 1 and G 2 , respectively. In this paper, Kirchhoff index formulae of these composite graphs are given.

This paper presents a new composite index to analyze power system transient stability. Contingency ranking in power system transient stability is a complicated and time consuming task. To prevail over this difficulty, various indices are used. These indices are based on the concept of coherency, transient energy conversion between kinetic and potential energy and three dot products of the s...